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Computer software (or simply software) is the programs and procedures that enable a computer to perform a specific task, as opposed to the physical components of the system (hardware). This includes application software such as a word processor, which enables a user to perform a task, and system software such as an operating system, which enables other software to run properly, by interfacing with hardware and with other software.
The term "software" was first used in this sense by John W. Tukey in 1957. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs and data. The concept of reading different sequences of instructions into the memory of a device to control computations was invented by Charles Babbage as part of his difference engine. The theory that is the basis for most modern software was first proposed by Alan Turing in his 1935 essay Computable numbers with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem. Hally, Mike (2005:79). Electronic brains/Stories from the dawn of the computer age. British Broadcasting Corporation and Granta Books, London. ISBN 1-86-207663-4.
Relationship to hardware
Computer software is so called in contrast to computer hardware, which encompasses the physical interconnections and devices required to store and execute (or run) the software. In computers, software is loaded into RAM and executed in the central processing unit. At the lowest level, software consists of a machine language specific to an individual processor. A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions (object code), which change the state of the computer from its preceding state. Software is an ordered sequence of instructions for changing the state of the computer hardware in a particular sequence. It is generally written in high-level programming languages that are easier and more efficient for humans to use (closer to natural language) than machine language. High-level languages are compiled or interpreted into machine language object code. Software may also be written in an assembly language, essentially, a mnemonic representation of a machine language using a natural language alphabet. Assembly language must be assembled into object code via an assembler. More on [ Computer software ]
Software :: Nonprofit Resources
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Culver9mm3 (Culver Crispin) Wed, 25 Nov 2009 08:10:23 -0000
Google to put ancient Iraq museum collection online #software http://cli.gs/2tJL7
PastPerfect Museum Software - Approved by the American Association of State and Local History for museums and historical societies. Collections management for any size museum.
AdLib Information Systems - Specializes in museum, library, and archives collection management software.
Meta Description: [ Adlib Information Systems Global Web Site. ]
Agur Information Systems - Offers Artlid, a fully web-based art collections management system, comprised of cataloguing, collection/items management, library, and dictionaries modules. Includes demos and pricing information. Located in Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Meta Description: [ Collection management software and services for cataloguing, management and review all type of collections for private collectors, artists, galleries, corporate collections, art dealers and museums. ]
Argus - Collection management software from Questor. Includes on-line demonstration.
Artbase - Arts management database for artists, galleries, and museums.
Meta Description: [ ArtBase is a Mac and Windows arts-management database solution for artists, collections, private dealers, galleries and museums. ]
ARTchive - Multimedia image database linking images, sounds and movies with curatorial fields for management of object collections. Free demo available versions (Windows Mac), screenshots, and support services.
Artsystems - The industry-standard art gallery management software. Since 1989, Artsystems has been dedicated to providing art management software and services for the art world.
Meta Description: [ Antiques, art studio, collection, and art gallery management software ]
ArtWorks - A cataloguing, tracking and presentation system designed specifically for artists, galleries, museums and collectors. 14-day free trial available.
Meta Description: [ Artist software for artists, galleries and collectors: ArtWorks ]
500
DB2 Digital Library - Overview of digital multimedia management system from IBM.
Meta Description: [ Store, manage, access, and distribute all types of digital content. Integrate with records management and document lifecyle management. Benefit from scalability, security, and openness -- on AIX, Windows NT, LINUX or Solaris. ]
Gallery Systems - Collections management software for museums, galleries and private collectors.
Meta Description: [ Gallery Systems provides collections management software and web solutions for museums, galleries, foundations, collectors and visual resource libraries. Products include: The Museum System (TMS), The Gallery System (TGS), EmbARK. ]
INCA - Interactive catalogue software designed to replace manual cataloguing procedures in museums.
KE Software Inc. - Developer of the KE Texpress database system, KE Texhtml WWW module, KE EMu (electronic museum management) and LifeData (vital statistics management).
Meta Description: [ KE Software - developer of KE EMu Collections Management Software for Museums, Galleries, Herbaria, etc., and KE Vitalware, Vital Statistics Software for Registries of Births, Deaths and Marriages. ]
Leonardo 3000 - Fine art and collections management software. Contains an items database, contacts, and tasks chart.
Meta Description: [ Kiosks and Interactive Information Points for self service applications and solutions for retail, business, exhibitions, events, government, public access, gaming and more. ]
MDA Software Survey - Survey of current museum software from the Museum Documentation Association. Includes detailed descriptions of features, hardware requirements, cost and limitations, if any.
MicroMARC for Integrated Format - A microcomputer collections management system for use by libraries, archives, special collections, and museums.
Meta Description: [ MicroMARC for Integrated Format, a microcomputer collections management system for use by libraries, archives, special collections, museums etc. ]
Minaret - Software to manage diverse collections from Cactus Software. Includes demo software to download and product information.
Museum Collections Management System (MCMS) - From Westar Systems, museum software to simplify the cataloguing and accession process.
Museum Data Solutions - Develops and builds custom museum software, including online exhibits and collections.
Meta Description: [ Innovative museum software; technology, museum collections management software, archive collection software, web and multimedia for museums, galleries, archives, cultural organizations, and collectors. ]
Online Argus Users Group - Forum for users of Argus museum software. Includes member roster and digital imaging information.
Meta Description: [ ARGUS museum collections management database users group ]
Racine Art Museum | Museum Collection Management - Program uses MS access. Includes details of package, database features and contact information.
Meta Description: [ The U.S. Fourth Largest Contemporary Craft
Museum ]
Re:discovery Software - Complete collections management system, offering a single application for an institution to manage and provide public access to a wide variety of collections. Includes technical overview and contact information.
Meta Description: [ Re:discovery Software, Inc. is dedicated to providing effective, reliable, and intuitive collections management software. ]
System Simulation Ltd. - Software engineering company specialising in text and multimedia information systems. A museum information management system is part of their product line.
Vernon Systems - Collection management software for museums, art galleries and other cultural heritage sites.
Willoughby Associates, Limited - Collections management software and integrated systems for centralized resource management, digitized imaging, and public access including the Internet.
Meta Description: [ Willoughby offers the highest quality museum software products and services, and a staff of professionals committed to helping you through every stage of your technology and collections management project. ]
Xebit - Builds web sites, intranets and kiosks for museums by digitizing archived collections.
Meta Description: [ Xebit Ltd build web sites, Intranets and kiosk based solutions for museums, libraries and other organisations by digitising archived collections and using Internet technologies to open up the past. ]
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